Kwadalwa ngo Ngokwamukisa
Kungani Izintambo Zocingo Zama-Crane Zihluleka Ngaphambi Kwesikhathi Nokuthi Ungazivikela Kanjani
Isingeniso
Izintambo zocingo ziyizakhiwo ezibalulekile ezithwala imithwalo ezinhlelweni zekhreyini nezokukhuphula. Zisebenza ndawonye nama-sheave, amadumu, amabhulokhi okuxhuma, kanye nezinye izindlela zokukhuphula ukuze ziphathe imithwalo ngokuphepha ngesikhathi sokusebenza.
Nokho, ezinhlelweni eziningi zokukhuphula, izintambo zocingo zingase zehluleke ngaphambi kwesikhathi. Ukwehluleka kwentambo yocingo ngaphambi kwesikhathi kungaholela ezindlekweni eziphakeme zokugcinwa, ukunciphisa ukusebenza kahle kwemishini, kanye nezingozi ezinkulu zokuphepha.
Ezimweni eziningi, ukwehluleka kwentambo yocingo akubangelwa yintambo uqobo. Kungase kuhlobane nokuklanywa okungalungile kwe-sheave, ukuhlelwa okungalungile kwezikhala zedamu, ukugcinwa okungalungile, ukulayisha ngokweqile, noma izimo zokusebenza ezingafanele.
Lesi sihloko sichaza izimbangela ezivamile zokwehluleka kwentambo yocingo ngaphambi kwesikhathi nokuthi ungazivimbela kanjani ezinhlelweni zama-crane.
1. Ububanzi obungafanele besondo (Sheave Diameter)
Enye yezimbangela ezivamile kakhulu zokukhathala kwentambo yocingo ububanzi besondo obunganele.
Lapho intambo yocingo idlula esondweni, ihlangabezana nengcindezi ephindaphindayo yokugoba. Uma ububanzi besondo bungancane kakhulu, ingcindezi yokugoba iyanda kakhulu.
Lokhu kungaholela ku:
- ukukhathala okusheshayo kwentambo
- izingwevu eziphukile
- ukuncipha kwempilo yesevisi yengwevu
- ingozi enkulu yokwehluleka
Isilinganiso esifanele se-D/d sibalulekile empilweni yengwevu yocingo.
Lapho:
- D = ububanzi phansi bezimbobo zesondo
- d = ububanzi bengwevu yocingo
Ezinhlelweni eziningi zokukhuphula, isilinganiso esikhulu se-D/d sisiza ukunciphisa ukukhathala kokugoba futhi sithuthukise ukuqina kwentambo.
2. Ukuklanywa Okungalungile Kwesikhala Sentambo
Isikhala sentambo yindawo yokuxhumana phakathi kwentambo yocingo kanye ne-sheave noma idamu.
Uma umsele ungahambisani kahle nobubanzi bentambo yocingo, intambo ingase ihlangabezane nengcindezi engalingani nokuguga okungajwayelekile.
Izinkinga ezivamile zemisele zihlanganisa:
- umsele omkhulu kakhulu
- umsele obanzi kakhulu
- umsindo womsele ongalingani
- indawo yomsele enobunzima
- umsele ogugile noma okhubazekile
Umsele omkhulu kakhulu wandisa ingcindezi yokuxhumana futhi ungaciqa intambo.
Umsele obanzi ungadala ukungazinzi kwesikhundla sentambo nokuhamba kwesivinini.
Ifundamthetho efanele yomgodi isiza ekusabalaliseni umthwalo ngokulinganayo futhi inciphisa ukuguga kwentambo yocingo.
3. Ukugoqwa Komgodi Okungalungile
Umgodi unesibopho sokugoqa nokugcina intambo yocingo.
Uma iphimbo lomgodi noma ukuhlelwa kwentambo kungalungile, intambo yocingo ingase ingagoqi kahle.
Ukugoqwa komgodi okungalungile kungabangela:
- ukudlula kwezintambo
- ukucindezelwa kwezintambo
- ukugoqwa okungalingani
- ukonakala kobuso bezintambo
- ukuncishiswa kwesikhathi sokuphila sezintambo
Ukulungiswa okunembayo komgodi kanye ne-engeli efanele yokungena kwentambo kubalulekile ekugoqeni okuzinzile kwezintambo.
4. Ukulayisha ngokweqile kanye Nokulayisha Okungazelelwe
Izintambo zocingo zakhelwe ngokuvumelana nomthwalo olinganiselwe kanye nezinto zokuphepha.
Uma uhlelo lokukhuphula lulayishwe ngokweqile, intambo izobhekana nengcindezi eyeqile.
Ukulayisha okungazelelwe nakho kuyingozi. Ukukhuphula okungazelelwe, ukumisa okungazelelwe, noma ukulayisha okubangela umthelela kungakha ingcindezi ephakeme kakhulu kunokusebenza okuvamile.
Lezi zimo zingabangela:
- izintambo eziphukile
- ukwelulwa kwezintambo
- ukonakala kwenhliziyo
- ukukhathala okubangela ukwehluleka
Ukuvikela ukulayisha ngokweqile nokushaqeka kubalulekile ekusebenzeni okuphephile kokukhuphula.
5. Ukugcoba Nokugcinwa Okungalungile
Izintambo zocingo zidinga ukugcoba okufanele nokuhlola njalo.
Ngaphandle kokugcoba, ukungqubuzana phakathi kwezintambo kuyanda, kubangele ukuguga kwangaphakathi nokukhiqizwa kokushisa.
Ukugcinwa okungalungile kungaholela ku:
- ukugqwala
- ukungqubuzana okomile
- izintambo eziphukile
- ukuncipha kokuguquguquka
Ukugcoba njalo kusiza ukunciphisa ukungqubuzana futhi kuvikela intambo yocingo ekugqwaleni.
6. Ukugqwala kanye Nemvelo Enzima
Izintambo zocingo ezisetshenziswa ezindaweni zangaphandle, zasolwandle, ezimanzi, ezithulini, noma ezamakhemikhali zinovakala kakhulu ekugqwaleni.
Ukugqwala kwenza izintambo zensimbi zibe buthakathaka futhi kunciphise amandla ocingo.
Izimpawu ezijwayelekile zihlanganisa:
- ukugqwala ebusweni bocingo
- ukuncipha kombuthano ocingo
- izintambo eziphukile
- ukuqina ngesikhathi sokugoqa
Ezindaweni ezinzima, izinyathelo zokuvikela nokuhlola njalo kubaluleke kakhulu.
7. Ukungahambelani Ohlelweni Lokukhuphula
Ukungahambelani phakathi kwezinsimbi ezijikijelayo (sheaves), amadromu, nezindlela zentambo yensimbi kungadala ukulayisha ohlangothini nokuxhumana okungalingani.
Lokhu kungase kubangele:
- intambo igijima ichitha umngcele womgodi
- ukuguga okungalingani komgodi
- ukujikijela kwentambo
- ukudlidliza okungajwayelekile
Ukuhambisana kahle kwezinsimbi ezijikijelayo, amadromu, nezindlela zentambo kuyadingeka ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukusebenza okubushelelezi.
8. Izingxenye Ezingahambelani
Intambo yensimbi, insimbi ejikijelayo, kanye nedromu kufanele zakhelwe njengohlelo oluphelele.
Uma ingxenye eyodwa ingafani nezinye, ukwehluleka kungase kwenzeke ngaphambi kwesikhathi.
Izibonelo zihlanganisa:
- ububanzi bentambo bungafani nosayizi womgodi
- ububanzi bensimbi ejikijelayo bungancane kakhulu
- iphimbo le-drum groove alilungile
- ukwakhiwa kwezintambo okungafanele kulolu hlelo lokusebenza
Ukufanisa okufanele kwesistimu kuthuthukisa ukuphepha, ukusebenza kahle, nokuphila kwesevisi.
Ungayivimbela Kanjani Ukwehluleka Kwentambo Yocingo Ngaphambi Kwesikhathi
Ukukhulisa impilo yesevisi yentambo yocingo, izinyathelo ezilandelayo ziyalulekwa:
- khetha ububanzi obufanele bentambo yocingo nokwakhiwa kwayo
- gcina isilinganiso esifanele se-D/d
- sebenzisa izimbobo zesondo eziklanywe kahle
- qinisekisa ubude obufanele bezimbobo zedamu
- gwema ukulayisha ngokweqile nokulayisha okungazelelwe
- hlola isimo sengwevu njalo
- gcoba ingwevu yocingo kahle
- hlola ukuguga kwesondo nodamu
- faka izingwevu ezilimele ngesikhathi
Ukuvimbela kudinga kokubili ukuklanywa okuhle kwezingxenye kanye nokugcinwa okufanele.
Isiphetho
Ukwehluleka kwengwevu yocingo ngaphambi kwesikhathi kuvame ukubangelwa izinkinga ezihlobene nohlelo kunokuba kube yikhwalithi yengwevu yodwa.
Ububanzi besondo obungalungile, ukuklanywa okungalungile kwezimbobo, ukugoqwa okungalungile kwedamu, ukulayisha ngokweqile, ukugqwala, nokuntuleka kokugcinwa kunganciphisa impilo yesevisi yengwevu yocingo.
Ngokufanisa kahle intambo yensimbi, izinsimbi ezijikijelayo, namadromu, nangokugcina ukuhlola njalo nokugcoba, izinhlelo zekhreyini zingafinyelela ukusebenza okuphephile kanye nempilo yesevisi ende.
Xhumana
Shintsha imininingwane yakho futhi sizokuthinta.
I-WEILINKCRANE & MAIBANGCRANE ingumkhiqizi ochwepheshe wezingxenye zezinsimbi zokukhuphula kanye nemishini yokukhuphula, etholakala eChangyuan City, eSifundazweni saseHenan, eChina — indawo eyaziwa kakhulu yokukhiqiza imishini yokukhuphula.
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Isikhungo Semikhiqizo
Isikhungo Semikhiqizo
Xhumana Nathi
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